BEFORE YOU BEGIN ESSENTIAL WORDS Essays - , Term Papers

BEFORE YOU BEGIN: ESSENTIAL WORDS Match the definitions on the left with the words on the right. Note that (a) there are more words than definitions, and (b) many of the words on the right can have more than one meaning, but only one of those meanings is in the column on the left. Money claimed by someone as compensation for harm done. To send someone to prison or to a court. An adjective referring to a judge or to the law. Not guilty of a crime. Any act which is not legal. A person who has studied law and can act for people on legal business. A disagreement or argument between parties. A specialist court outside the judicial system which examines special problems. A set of arguments or facts put forward by one side in a legal proceeding. An official who presides over a court. To make an allegation in legal proceedings. Someone who is accused of a crime in a criminal case. A person who makes a claim against someone in a civil court. An agreement reached after an argument. To hold someone legally so as to charge them with a crime. A case which is being heard by a committee, tribunal or court of law. To find that someone is guilty of a crime. Failure to carry out the terms of an agreement. To bring someone to court to answer a criminal charge. To ask a high law court to change its decision or sentence. To say that someone has committed a crime. Having the legal ability to force someone to do something. An adjective referring to the rights and duties of private persons or organisations . The arguments used when fighting a case. A legal agreement between two or more parties. An adjective referring to crime. A group of 12 citizens who decide whether or not someone is guilty in a trial. A written or spoken statement of facts which helps to prove or disprove something at a trial. To order someone to pay money as a punishment. A court order telling someone to stop doing something, or not to do something. appeal arrest binding breach case charge civil claimant commit contract convict court crime criminal damages defence defendant dispute evidence fine guilty hearing injunction innocent judge judicial jury lawyer legal offence plead prosecute sentence settlement trial tribunal KINDS OF LAW I. Look at the following branches of law and decide what legal matters they may include. Compare your answers. e.g . Law of Contract: formation and condition of a contract; who can make a contract; what happens if a contract is broken; how a contract comes to an end Family Law: International Law: Tort Law Criminal Law: What other categories of law are known to you? What do you understand by private law and public law? Can you give an example of one branch of private law and one of public law? II. Read the text paying attention to main idea. Notes establish - consolidate - , safeguard - executive - apply to - , code - taxation - distribution - concern - , dispute - binding - , tort - , wrong - trust - well - being - correspond - inheritance - legal remedy - equity - statute - , statutory law - , to obtain justice - THE LAW SYSTEM . KINDS OF LAW Law is a system of rules established by the state. The main aim of law is to consolidate and safeguard the social and state system and its economic foundation. The system of law consists of different categories of law. Constitutional law is a leading category of the whole system of law. Its principal source is the country's Constitution. It deals with social structure, the state system, organization of state power and the legal status of citizens. Administrative law is closely connected with constitutional law but it deals with the legal forms of concrete executive and administrative activity of a government and ministries. Criminal law defines the general principles of criminal responsibility, individual types of crimes and punishments applied to criminals. Criminal law takes the form of a criminal code. International law regulates relations between governments and also between private

Writing Tighter How to Cut Your Writing Down to Size

Writing Tighter How to Cut Your Writing Down to Size â€Å"I apologize for writing such a long letter. I didn’t have time to write a short one.† – Mark Twain It’s debatable what the actual quote is and whether it is actually Mark Twain’s, but either way it’s a great statement of the truth. It does indeed take longer - much longer - to write a short letter, blog post, essay, resume, etc. than it does to write a long one. I have frequently taken two-page resumes and cut them down to one without loss of content. Five-page single-spaced personal statements reduce to 500 words. Remarkable right? An example: I worked with a social media marketing expert to create the â€Å"perfect† blog post for LinkedIn. The original draft was 5,504 characters long - 1,777 characters over the LinkedIn limit! In 15 minutes, we had edited the blog down to size. How did we do it? Here are some tips to help you make the grade: Look for anything that could be characterized as â€Å"window dressing.† That’s the stuff you write around the important points! Find the nugget and stick to it! Are you repeating yourself? Stop! Once is enough. We get it. Stay organized. Often the source of rambling language is simply lack of organization and focus. Ask yourself about each and every sentence: How many words can I remove from this sentence and retain its meaning? Go ahead†¦ remove those extra words! You can do it! (Yes, there are extra words in that last sentence. Can you find them?) If you’re really in a bind, remove or reduce the space between bullet points or paragraphs. Only take this drastic measure as a last resort. White space is a prized commodity, especially in a blog or resume! If you remove something and your message no longer transmits, put it back in! Theres always somewhere else you can cut out. The process takes time, but it’s worth it. Your newly trimmed writing will be snappy, punchy and geared to today’s short attention spans! If you are reading this sentence, I’ve followed my own advice.

TSCA and REACH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

TSCA and REACH - Essay Example However, the Congress has received two bills addressing TSCA reform and will deliberate on them soon. Here, TSCA is compared to chemical regulations in other nations, and arguments for and against its reform are presented. Chemical safety in the United States has garnered bipartisan support. Currently, there are two pieces of legislation introduced to Congress that address TSCA reform: the Alan Reinstein and Trevor Schaefer Toxic Chemical Protection Act, drafted by Senators Barbara Boxer and Edward Markey, and the Frank R Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, drafted by Senators David Udall and Tom Vitter. Each bill distributes the priorities of the EPA in different ways. The Boxer and Markey legislation prioritized public health, required the EPA to review chemicals more quickly, and ensured that the EPA’s chemical assessments were aligned with the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences. Boxer and Markey’s bill would also preserve the states’ authority to restrict chemical use and enforce federal restrictions under state law. On the other hand, the language of the Vitter and Udall bill appears to favor industry, allowing the EPA up to seven years to re view each substance (Chemical Watch 2015). Although the future of chemical reform in the United States is uncertain, these two bills addressing the need for TSCA reform are certainly a step in the right direction. In the early 1970’s, there was increasing concern about industrial compounds and their potential adverse effects on the environment and human health. Research on industrial substances and potential harmful effects, such as fluorocarbons found in aerosols and their effects on the earth’s stratosphere were well underway (Markell 2010). Bischloromethylether (BCME), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), as well as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was ubiquitously

CRM Project Paper Rubric Spring Semester 2013 Essay

CRM Project Paper Rubric Spring Semester 2013 - Essay Example There are several ways of using these technologies and information systems. The common applications include the customer relationship management systems, electronic marketing, and social networking among others. The field of customer relationship management presents a lot of opportunities. The systems and operations of CRM implement the company’s goals and objectives for customer access, interactions sales and other services. With the developments in the field of information technology, there is the possibility to merge the CRM and other technologies such as social networking. This provides a greater opportunity for marketing and customer interaction at a cheaper and more affordable cost. Organizations and businesses are increasingly adopting customer relationship management (CRM) systems in order to improve their interactions with customers (Rigby et al. 2002). The CRM systems management application is used to manage customer interactions by integration of processes that are customer oriented like customer service and sales. The CRM systems are not only used in automation of these processes for cost reduction but also collection and analysis of customer information with the aim of better fulfilling customer needs and improve customer satisfaction(Karimi et al. 2001). However, different businesses have experienced different outcomes in the business by investing in CRM. Some have been successful in leveraging CRM systems to facilitate their operations, and customer relationships, cost efficiency, product and service quality, which increases company profitability. Other businesses have not realized the benefits that come with CRM in their businesses; this could be attributed to poor research before the implementation of the system. More importantly it is due to the drawbacks that come with the use of CRM systems and poor implementation. It is necessary to research more into this field to identify these pitfalls and to identify the benefits of using CRM and how long these benefits can be realized. Introduction This paper focuses on the suitable tools that can be used to design, build and implement the customer relationship management system. Woolworths Homeshop Company. Human resource information system is a system that is used to automate the activities that are carried out the human resource department in an organization. During this process the objective of the business and plan is converted into suitable enterprise conversions through building and exchange; and embracement of the primary needs, principle and forms that explain the company’s development state and facilitate transition. The proposal is to launch an integrated CRM for Woolworths Homeshop. Woolworths Homeshop Company sells high quality fast food delivering all around the city. The company needs to manage its business operation using a computerized CRM. The company wants to implement a CRM as an initial step towards achieving e-business (Chaturvedi 65). E-busine ss is a business which allows the customers to sell trade and barter over the Web. The company’s policy, operations, technology and ideology define its business model. Woolworths Homeshop is a company is based in Dubai. The services that are offered by this firm include selling headphones and other sound product The Company has been operating at average. This applies the technology that has the first in the field of e-business Tanner et al notes that the advancement in technology

Humanities-issues in science and societies proposal Essay

Humanities-issues in science and societies proposal - Essay Example Topic One: Wind farms are known to affect birds through collision, displacement, barrier effects and habitat loss (Drewitt and Langston, 2006). There is some debate about how serious the impact on fish might be (Wahlberg and Westerberg, 2005). Human beings complain about certain impact on the beauty of natural landscapes, and there are suggestions that living near wind farms negatively causes an illness called â€Å"Wind Turbine Syndrome† (Pierpoint, 2009). Topic Two: Wind farms are using increasingly larger turbines, and though this may look more cost effective than smaller turbines, there are significant operation and maintenance costs to consider (â€Å"Operation and Maintenance Costs,† n.d.). Conclusion: This paper has shown that wind farms have been represented by proponents of green science and politics as an answer to mankind’s need for energy that does not depend on the burning of fossil fuels or the creation of risky nuclear power stations. The evidence shows that there is indeed a place for wind farms in energy planning. These facilities are, however, not as ecologically friendly as one might think, and the cost of building and managing them makes it unlikely that they will ever contribute more than a small proportion of human energy

A Case Study Of Love Canal Environmental Sciences Essay

A Case Study Of Love Canal Environmental Sciences Essay Abstract- This paper is prepared to fulfill the requirement of subject Engineering Ethic (BENU 4583) which is included in Bachelor Degree of Electronic Engineering (Telecommunication). The case study is conducted on the Love Canal contamination issue which triggered the environmental alarm of United State at 1970s. The significant effect of Love Canal concern was the creation of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. Introduction Love Canal, located in Niagara Falls, New York. It had its attention on a national scale as well as international scale at 1970s for the matter of toxic waste been buried beneath the neighbourhood by Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation. In year 1953, Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation sold a land which was used for chemical waste dump to the Niagara Falls School Board for the use of building school on it. Figure 1 shows the location the 99th Street Elementary School in the centre of Love Canal. The agreement has been done with the full knowing of the risks. The Niagara Falls School District bought the land with the cost of one dollar and granted Hooker Chemical will release from all liability from the contamination. The nearby area was then built with residential neighbourhoods without declaring the hazardous of the place to the residents. With the disturbance by the building on the soil, the entire property was contaminated, causing an excessive of health problems occurre d. History William T. Love was an ambitious entrepreneur who conceived a canal which will link the two levels of Niagara River separated by Niagara Falls for the generation hydro electricity. Due to the barring of Congress and Panic of 1893, the plan was changed. The canal was dug for the purpose of shipping lane which will bypass Niagara Falls reaching to Lake Ontario. He managed to dig a canal for a length of 1.6 km, width of 15 m and the depth of 3 m to 12 m, stretching northward from the Niagara River before he went bankrupt. [2] The project went idle and the canal became a dump site for City of Niagara Falls. By 1940s, Elon Hooker who owns Hooker Electrochemical Company bought Love Canal with the granted permission by the Niagara Power and Development Company in 1942 for chemical wastes dumping. The canal was chosen due to the soil characteristic impermeable clay and the small population at the neighbourhood. Other than the wastes from Hooker, The U.S Army disposed the toxic chemical wastes there during and after World War II as well, also the unloading of the city of Niagara Falls municipal refuse into the Love Canal. Under pressure of Canal property been expropriated by the Niagara Falls School Board, Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation had to sell on the condition of the company will be fully freed from the future liability for the chemical dump. Figure 2 shows that approximately 21,800 tons of companys wastes been dumped into the pit before the property been legally transacted to the Niagara Falls School Board of Education in 1953. Before the agreement was done, Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation did cite the safety concerns of the property. The architect had risen up the issue of relocation of building location to the Board due to the dump sites which filled with 55-gallon drums of chemical wastes he discovered during the construction. The construction of 99th Street School was immediately started after relocation to further north from the top of the canal. By neglecting of the exposure of chemical wastes residues, the school was completed and been offered to students in year 1955, followed by the 93rd Street School in year 1958 which was built 6 blocks away. Incidentally, both sites had approval from the Niagara Falls Planning Board on December 30, 1952. [3] In year 1957, the remaining land was sold and rapid developments were held for homes. The Niagara Falls Authority also planned to build Griffon Manor housing project. C:UsersJaeDesktopLove Canallove_canal_modern_aerial_thumb.jpg Fig. 1: Location of 99th Street School on Love Canal. [1] C:UsersJaeDesktopLove CanalLove-Canal.jpg Fig. 2: Dumped Chemical Wastes in Love Canal [1] In year 1978, the State Departments of Health and Environmental Conservation launched sampling and analysis of the homes adjacent to the Love Canal. The analysis had identified 82 different chemical compounds at the landfill, of one is known as human carcinogen and 11 are known or presumed anima carcinogens. [4] The Commissioners of Health and Environmental Conservation took every remedy available of the State to protect the publics health and safety. Dr Whalen, the Public Health Specialist in Health Department termed Love Canal is an extremely serious threat to the health and welfare. The Niagara Country Health Commissioner had been summoned to eliminate the visible chemicals and restrict access of the site. Extensive analyses showed that the chemicals seeped into the basement and contaminated the groundwater. The resident of Love Canal started to concern about the health issue and thereby Lois Gibbs, the head of the Love Canal Homeowners Association made complaints about the surfaced chemicals substances in their yards. However, it was in vain as the local politicians were not assisting the residents. The dumped site was declared as an unprecedented state emergency on August, 1978. The residents were urged to evacuate the neighbourhood for good sake. United State President Jimmy Carter called for allocation of federal funds to remedy Love Canal site. The toxic area has been reburied with a thick plastic linear clay and dirt. The area is restricted from the public today while the issue has become a catalyst for future environmental laws creation. C:UsersJaeDesktopLove Canalflipper.jpg Fig 3: Flipper [1] Most of the buildings on the east and west sides of the canal had been demolished. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that the chemicals were responsible to the residents illness in year 1979. Some of the important chemicals and the human biological hazards are shown in Table 1. The health studies that done by the United States National Research Council (NRC) in 1991 showed that the exposed unborn babies were stunted growth, for e.g. flippers case as shown in Figure 3. Table 1: List of Important Chemicals identified at Love Canal Compound Acute Effects Chronic Effects benzene Narcosis Skin irritant Acute leukemia Aplastic anemia Pancytopenia Chronic lymphatic leukemia Lymphomas (probable) toluene Narcosis (more powerful than benzene) Anemia (possible) Leukopenia (possible) trichloroethylene Central nervous depression Skin irritant Liver damage Paralysis of fingers Respiratory and cardiac arrest Visual defects Deafness Views of Engineers Code of Ethics In this case study, National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) Code of Ethics has been used as reference. As a Professional Engineer, the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation has violated NSPE Code of Ethics, Section II.1 which states that Engineers, in the fulfilment of their professional duties, shall hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public. The corporation have to aware with the injury and danger that could lead to fatal in the future before they dispose of chemicals. Despite of it, the Niagara Falls School Board has to responsible to the construction of the schools and homes as stated in the agreement with Hooker. Hooker did acknowledge the hazardous of the land before they sold it. They should not build other than park on the Love Canal otherwise the property will revert to Hooker. The Niagara Power and Development Company and Niagara Falls Planning Board did not obey the statement in Section II.1.b where Engineers shall approve only those engineering documents that are in conformity with applicable standards. The disposal of wastes by Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation was approved by Niagara Power and Development Company where no health concerns were showed for the future. The construction of 99th and 93rd Street Schools by Niagara Falls Planning Board were approved without any investigations on the land. Engineers having knowledge of any alleged violation of this Code shall report thereon to appropriate professional bodies and, when relevant, also to public authorities, and cooperate with the proper authorities in furnishing such information or assistance as may be required as stated in Section 1.II.e. The architect and contractors of the schools building did not report to the authorities other than the Board when they found out the truth that the superintendent covered from the view of public. In Section II.3.a, engineers may express publicly technical opinions that are founded upon knowledge of the facts and competence in the subject matter. Hooker Chemical did not reveal everything to the public regarding on the chemical wastes beneath the land of Love Canal although pressure was laid on Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation. On the other hand, the Niagara Falls School Board hide the facts which has been cited by Hooker Chemical and just let the sleeping dogs lie. Implementation of Engineering Society Codes Tragedy Love Canal 1978 is a dangerous and the worst tragedy in U.S. history. Love Canal tragedy resulting from the pile of chemical waste has caused environmental degradation and diseases such as defects, fetal loss and cancer. Negligence of some of the parties was the main factor to the disaster. The tragedy can be prevented if the parties involved concerned about the environmental importance and apply the appropriate code of ethics in the particular case. The NSPE Code of Ethics is referred in this task. First of all, as to hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public in Section II.1, the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation who uses the Love Canal as a chemical waste disposal site should not be sold for residential development purposes although under pressure of the Canal property will be confiscated by the government. The parties that involved such as Niagara Falls Planning Board in the project should be concern in approving the development projects as stated in Section II.1.b. They shall approve those engineering documents that are in conformity with applicable standards and appropriate contents and details. Thus, the atmosphere of the area used for disposal of the chemicals specified in the document and might be aware of the threat when developing residential areas. In order to prevent the tragedy, the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation should also issue public statements in an objective and truthful manner. They should clarify earlier that the area was not suitable for settlements before being sold. Section II.3.a states that all relevant and pertinent information in their reports, statements or testimony, which should bear the date indicating when it was current should included in the public statements. Engineers who involved in the project should be concerned about the conditions of the soil and environment before approving the project to proceed. They may express publicly their technical opinions that are founded upon knowledge of the facts and competence in the particular subject matter. Therefore, the development could be revoked, and prevent the tragedy. Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation sold Canal property with a token of dollar, hopping that the cooperation will be freed from the liability in the future contamination. It shows a deceptive act of Hooker and they concern more about own priority even though they knew the consequences that can be struck out of their actions which can be stated in Section II.5.b. They shall not put the consideration in order to secure themselves only but to concern the public in the future. In addition, the leakage of chemical waste disposal drums is one of the factors that caused the eruption. This leakage occurred due to chemical reaction after heavy rains. However, the parties involved in the construction of the disposal drums shall not approve plans or documents dealing with the construction without prior concern about the quality and endurance towards the chemical reaction. The Love Canal tragedy could be avoided if the authorities involved showing a reasonable ethical behaviour in the particular cases. Ethical Theories The case has been analyzed in different perspectives. There are no specific theories that can be chosen to solve the problem but the result will be the same as the ethical theories will lead to the same conclusion. Utilitarianism seeks to produce the most utility, defined balancing of good and bad. The theory holds the actions that maximizing the well-being of the society rather than individuals. The Niagara Falls School Board had to build schools and homes due to the economic boom of population in Niagara Falls after World War II. However, the hazardous of the land was not taking into account. The act utilitarianism is the main ideology in this case. The Love Canal was chosen by Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation for the chemicals disposal due the soil condition of the land and the plethora population at the nearby area. Plus, the dumping of chemical wastes was legal until year 1980. Right ethics and Duty ethics hold actions that respect the rights of the individual as well as the good consequences to the society. Love Canal residents have the right to know the past history of the Love Canal. John Locke (1623-1704) said that humans deserve the equal right to life, liberty and property with the others, although in this case, most of them are the  mixture of low-income and single family residences. The residents who live at Love Canal have the right to live without fear of harms due to hazardous wastes. Ironically, the whole nation will benefits from the safe disposal of these wastes. Hence, Duty Ethics indicates the overall advantages to the society compared to that of the right ethics of the residents at Love Canal. Other than the chemical wastes by Hooker, the disposal of wastes from the U.S Army during and after World War II and the municipal disposal from neighborhoods of Niagara Falls City are part of contribution of the hazards to the public. After the declaration of emergency, the Occidental Chemical Cooperation (OCC) and U.S. Army show their responsibility on the disposal of wastes. They reimburse the residents loses in terms medical checking and lodging. Later, they remediate the Love Canal and restricted the land to the public. Virtue Ethics says that discharging wastes is irresponsible and harmful to individuals and so it should not be done. The honesty in declaring the facts to the public should have carried out by the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Cooperation and the Niagara Falls School Board. They are responsible in acknowledging the residents on the hazard issue of the land. Hooker should hold public-spirited action in the consideration of the selling of Canal property to the Board. The health concerns of the public should come first compared to that of the freed of liability for the future contamination. Factual, Conceptual and Moral Issues A canal was created in year 1890 with hopes of generating the hydro electricity. It was meant to generate power inexpensively to fuel the areas industry and homes. However, the project failed due to limitations and in 1942 the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation bought it and buried 22,000 tons of toxic waste in the area. The proper sited, managed, and regulated landfills were approved by the Niagara Power and Development Company. Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation sold this site to the Niagara Falls School Board with a deed explicitly detailing the danger contained within the site, and including a liability limitation clause about the contamination. The schools were built on the Love Canal without concerning Hookers warnings. Wastes that buried beneath the Love Canal seeped out and polluted the air, water, or soil. The analytical tests were then carried out. The tested result on several sump-pumps near Love Canal and found toxic chemicals in them where potential effect to health such as cancer, blood diseases, epilepsy, miscarriages and others. The Superfund law was created to protect communities from heavily contaminated toxic waste sites that have been abandoned. Remedial works started after the order from the U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Clean-up by with the built of drainage trench and the clay was placed over land. Congressional acts developed to face toxics problem and EPA making grants for programs to specialize in safe handling and disposal of wastes. [5] Flow chart is used often by the engineering students. Flow chart is chosen as it can emphasize the different aspects of the same problem. For solving an ethical problem, all possible outcomes and scenarios has to be determined. Thus, flow chart is the best choice in solving the Love Canal case study problem. Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation wish to use Love Canal as the site of chemical wastes disposal. Are local laws strict for health safety? Choose another location to be dump site. Is health safety of the public taken into account? Provide remedies for future contamination. Dump the chemicals wastes into the canal with shielded drums. No No Yes Yes Fig. 4: Application of simple flow chart to the Love Canal case, emphasizing potential decisions made during consideration of dumping the wastes into the canal. Niagara Falls School Boards would like to build schools and homes at Love Canal. Is the land free from hazards of the wastes buried beneath? Relocate for the location of construction. Is the health safety of the residents been guaranteed? Acknowledge the risk of staying at that area to the residents. Continue the construction plan. No No Yes Yes Fig. 5: Application of simple flow chart to the Love Canal case, emphasizing potential decisions made during consideration of schools and homes building on the canal. As illustrated in Figure 4, it presents the decision making process of the Love Canal as the dump site of chemical wastes. The Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation should ensure that there is no leakage of the chemicals to the ground. Remedies such as restriction of constructions on that area should be implemented if they have foreseen the effect of contamination in the future. The Niagara Falls School Board neglecting the issue of health safety on the contamination land speeds up the level of exposure of the chemicals to the public. While for Figure 5, it shows the decision making process that might have gone by the authorities involved, for instance, The Niagara Falls Planning Board and The Niagara Falls School Board. They decide on the construction of the schools. It is obviously shows that the Boards only relocate the constructions 6 blocks away from the original plan due to the statements of the architect, saying that concrete foundation might damage if constructing the building on top of the dump site. The tragedy happens because the removal of protection clay cap and holes punching into the impermeable clay walls to build water lines. Remedies The Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation should plan the proper way to dispose the hazardous waste properly without effecting the environment. Besides, they should identify the hazardous waste and manage it differently. Since in this case, they put them together in the same place. Dioxin is the most hazardous substance together with benzene; carcinogen and other make the very worst impact to the society health. Furthermore, the government should survey and should expect the effect of build La Salle Expressway that crosses the canal. It makes the buried chemical beneath the land to migrate and seep from the canal. Effect of this construction, it restricted groundwater from flowing to Niagara River. It turns the breached canal into overflowing pool. Management of the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation should alert their hazardous waste is very harmful to the human and environment event in long term. They should not sell the property to the government. Otherwise they should manage the waste properly until it may not affect to environment. In addition, the management of private developer, for example Niagara Falls Housing Authority builds the housing project without knowing the history of the canal and the agreement between the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation and the school board. The local authorities or especially local politicians were trying to deny the problem. The Mayor of Niagara Falls, Micheal C.OLaughlin state that there is nothing wrong in Love Canal. As the mayor or the local authority, he should take this problem as serious thing. He should study the history; survey the health report that obviously shows that there has something wrong with that area. Also, he should observe the area himself to prove it. Then take the precaution and final way to avoid the problem. In this disaster, the government has make a big mistake by wedged the Hooker Corporation to sell the properties even thought the Hooker has demonstrate that there have hazardous waste underground. The government should know the long term effect of this waste and not to build the school or any housing. Last but not least, the local government also went against all repeated warnings by the Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corporation and tried to profit off of the contaminated land. The government knows the chemical contain but they removed part of the protective clay cap to use as fill dirt and punched holes in the impermeable clay walls to build water lines and the La Salle Expressway. At the beginning they should conscious about the environment and society. They cannot take in pawn of human life rather than for their sake. Conclusion There is a remaining question- who has the liability regarding accidents occurring from wastes disposed of previously? Although taking into the account of these aggressive strides to make sure that hazardous waste is safely managed, it becomes a questionable issue. Relating to the liability, if health safety is detected at dangerous level, what are the authorities that willing to correct the situation? Are they willing to accept the after risk? Whos going to pick up the tab? However, undoubtedly this question will be taken in hand effectively in the future. One of the main problems which against is that the shifting of the lands ownership. It is difficult to determine liability. It is within power of human to work out effective controls designed to significantly lower or even cut off the environmental risks. Justifications in decisions that made are crucial in solving the dilemma. The tragedy is not over and done that the residents of Love Canal have given more than others.

Practical vs. Supernatural in The Hound of the Baskervilles Essay

The novel The Hound of the Baskervilles is written by a British author, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Doyle was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1859. Following â€Å"nine years in Jesuit schools, he went to Edinburgh University, where he received a degree in medicine in 1881. He then became an eye specialist in Southsea, with a distressing lack of success† (Doyle 1). Doyle’s financial letdown in Southsea created a need for an alternative way for him to generate profit, so he became an author. In the first of his many stories A Study in Scarlet, Doyle brings Sherlock Holmes to life; he is a detective and the protagonist of the story. Doyle’s inspiration and idea for an observant detective came from Dr. Joseph Bell of the Edinburgh Infirmary. Dr. Bell had brilliant powers of observation, analysis, and inference. Doyle’s story was rejected several times before a British publisher bought it for  £25 (Doyle 1). â€Å"From early on, the worldwide popularity of Holme s annoyed his creator, and with a cause: the detective’s adventures, wonderful as they are, tended to overshadow everything else Conan Doyle wrote† (Dirda 42). Doyle eventually becomes so weary of Sherlock Holmes that he chose to kill off his character. However, Doyle had to later resurrect Holmes’s character due to popular demand for additional stories (Doyle 1). It was while playing golf one day, Robinson told Doyle a story of an ancient tale about a hound that haunted Dartmoor; â€Å"he was so inspired by this local legend that he resurrected Holmes, whom he’d killed off eight years earlier, in The Final Problem, at Switzerland’s Reichenbach Falls† (Cook). According to a 1996 article from New Statesman, â€Å"For well over 100 years, the great sleuth of Baker Street has been a staple of our imaginati... ... Doyle is cherished as the creator of one of the best-loved detectives in English literature--but his talents as an author ranged far and wide, from science fiction to swashbucklers.† New Statesman [1996] 7 Nov. 2011: 41+. Academic OneFile. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. Doyle, Sir Author Conan. Sherlock Holmes The Hound of the Baskervilles. England: First Signet Classic Printing, 1986. Print. Sangeetha, K. â€Å"Kinesics in Arthur Conan Doyle.† Language In India Nov. 2011: 694+. Academic OneFile. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. â€Å"The Hound Of The Baskervilles: A Sherlock Holmes Graphic Novel.† Publishers Weekly 256.34 (2009): 49. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. â€Å"The Science of Sherlock Holmes: from Baskerville Hall to the Valley of Fear, the Real Forensics Behind the Great Detective's Greatest Cases.† Science News 29 Apr. 2006: 271. Academic OneFile. Web. 11 Apr. 2012.

The Call For Rehabilitation Health And Social Care Essay

This paper will turn to issues that call for rehabilitation. The issues include ; Drug maltreatment, street households, political instability, sexual issues, societal relationships fiscal issues, Death, Crime, old age, National calamities terminal unwellness and accident. We will further discourse the causes, effects and give necessary redresss.2.0 ISSUES THAT ARISE IN REHABILITATION2.1 Drug abuse/ substance maltreatment drugs are substances whether in signifier of drink, nutrient, medical specialty, fume, injection pulverization or exhausts which when taken into the organic structure through the oral cavity, nose or clamber, upset the biochemical system ( working ) of the organic structure and particularly the nervous system. Examples of normally abused drugs include stimulations, Sedatives, Hallucinogens inhalants, steroids and narcotics. Stimulations are drugs that affect the nervous system and distribute up the operation of the encephalon. These are drugs like miraa, bhang and cocaine, the stimulating consequence make the user experience good and alarm? Sedatives are drugs that act on the cardinal nervous system. They are used as depressants. They cut down tenseness and hearten up the user. Example of sedatives includes intoxicant, opium ( bhang ) and heroine. Hallucinogens are drugs which cause hallucinations that is hearing or seeking something that does non be. Example of this drugs is Marijuana. Inhalants are drugs inhaled by users for illustration gum, methylbenzene, gasoline, butane and snuff. Narcotics are drugs that affect temper or behavior for illustration heroine, cocaine and morphia. Peoples who are addicted to utilize of these drugs may demo the undermentioned marks ; aggression, anxiousness, depression deficiency of coordination and concentration, increased blood force per unit area and bosom rate, deficiency of appetite restlessness, loss of memory and damage in larning. Low self- regard and Loss of assurance, musculus hurting and tummy spasms.2.2 Street householdsStreet households are yet another issue which arises in rehabilitation. The province of stateless kids particularly in urban subsiding is high. This is because of dislocation in household support systems and difficult economic state of affairss. Street kids in Kenya are referred to as â€Å" Chokora ‘ . They live in little groups and are ever whiffing gum, and frequently perceived as unsafe. Due to miss of attention and counsel, some of them grow to go difficult nucleus felons, drugs pedlars and hire for slaying ‘ packs. They are hopeless and this has a negative impact on a kid ‘s physical, educational and emotional development. The kid ‘s life lacks continuity, privateness, consistence cleanliness, permanence and belonging. This finally consequences in unacceptable behaviors such as moving low, combat, restlessness, depression and low defeat tolerance. Most street kids are normally ill-fed and may demo delayed development and physical jobs. They are likely to endure from anxiousness, may be abused physically or psychologically such kids do non travel to school and when they do, they are normally marginalized by fellow pupils and instructors due to their idiosyncrasies therefore need for rehabilitation.2.3 Political instabilityThis refers to state of affairss that arise as a consequence of discord between different categories of persons in society. This besides consequences from inappropriate political policies, clime alteration, nutrient deficit, population detonation every bit good as inordinate dependence on external trade. Political instability can ensue from a famine state of affairs. This arises from drouth or devastation of harvests by disease and animate beings which will ensue to people endeavoring for the barely available 1s therefore political instability. Tribalism and nepotism. This refers to a state of affairs where a individual uses influence or place to prefer people from his folk or kin in public place. This leads to discontentment that causes discord. It can besides originate from unjust allotment of national resources. Corruptness and misdemeanor of human rights. This is experienced when persons get involved in peculation, greed for power unemployment. Greediness for power particularly causes civil discord.2.4 Sexual Related issuesThe sexual related issues come in different signifiers. They include ; Sexual torment. This consequences from single who molest particularly misss or female gender sexually. Incest: This is a instance of relations acquiring involved in sexual intercourse which may originate from sexual mental instability or even usage of drugs. Sexual add-on that consequences from either moral eroding or influence of drugs that arouse one ‘s emotional and physical strengths towards sex.2.5 Terminal unwellness.Terminal unwellness may come in different ways. These will include malignant neoplastic disease, bosom and kidney jobs, HIV/Aids, physical damage. These consequences from the undermentioned facets. Inheritance: the familial factors may do such diseases as blood malignant neoplastic disease. They may do lasting cicatrixs in persons may necessitate guidance. Accident: these may besides do lameness an person will hold to populate with. Deformity of the organic structure or even being a beginning of a bodily disease people requires encouragement in such incidences.Domestic force and physical maltreatment.The cause of force are on the rise whether domestic or group. Peoples have been affected emotionally due to this. Domestic workers are the major victims which are widening to adult females and kids. Such victims require that they get involved in rehabilitation to minimise the effects originating from them.2.6 Condemnable instancesThis is a by and large agreeable aberrant behavior in society. They range from burglary, carjacking. They are caused by the undermentioned factors ; Deprived vicinity. Economically destitute vicinity may engender condemnable heads. They seem to envy and seek to steal in order to have. Peer group influence: This normally consequences from persons who have been involved in offenses enticing their closest brothers. Lack of religion in an person ‘s abilities and believing plenty in one ‘s internal arm. These include logic and ground. Lack of love. This consequences from persons raised in dysfunctional households, disadvantaged background, a feeling of favoritism. A combination of all these impel an person to affect in offense. Lack of parental control, supervising and monitoring. Parents who do non supervise the tendency and behavior of their kids and up in condemnable universe. Poverty: society has indoctrinated us to believe in the position of wealth as a step of success. Lack of it or as people want more and more can take to offense when acquiring them is difficult therefore a short cut of stealing is the best. Poor judgement: deficiency of proper instruction and great existent theoretical accounts leads to persons non cognizing the right from incorrect largely, offenses do non look to make anything incorrect from their point of position but it is right.2.7 Financial related issues.Finance normally contributes to success of persons in life. Lack of it can besides do serious effects. Financial issues may lift from ; Loss of a occupation. When an single loses a occupation and if it is the lone beginning of income leads to a serious favoritism in life. This calls for rehabilitation guidance. Collapse of concern: this can besides be beginning of defeat in life particularly if it is the lone beginning of income. Unemployment. Many alumnuss leave with high expectancies of geting a occupation instantly. If it is non realized, it has serious reverse in life. This calls for the rehabilitation. Embezzlement. This can originate from overspending money particularly when it is at that place non retrieving that tomorrow it at that place. When it misses it through persons into entire confusions. Health measures: persons with really immense medical measures end up disbursement to the last penny of it go forthing nil at manus. If by bad deficiency persons ( the sick ) base on balls on, foliages on them non merely the decease cicatrix but besides earnestly strained in fundss.2.8 DeathThe incident of this nature can convey out sorrowful incidences in the household of believed 1s. This will accordingly name for rehabilitation guidance. Death is caused by the undermentioned facets ‘Illness: persons can be sick which eventually causes decease.Accidents: when people are involved in an accident they will either be injured or decease immediately or thenceforth. It may be route accident, accidents that involve machines. Drug maltreatment: the substance maltreatment may besides do decease. This means the overdose of drugs. The nuts besides portion centers for shooting drugs such as cocaine into the blood system. Some are infected with HIV/AIDS which may be transmitted. Due to hapless or even distressing conditions that this people live under they so die. Death can besides be caused by homicides, race murders or self-destructions.2.9 Natural catastrophesThese are events that occur and are beyond human control. They include drought, temblors, epidemics, inundations storms. They normally leave behind a batch of desolations. Peoples die, belongingss are destroyed or even paralysing the economic system. In the event that they occur, so single victims require to be rehabilitated in order to get by with world.2.10 Ages:Persons who have advanced in age may be given to experience so bare and abandoned. Some complication may attach to age such as ocular and hearing damages. This may necessitate to be addressed and the lone manner they can be made is through rehabilitation guidance.EFFECTS EMERGING FROM THE ABOVE ISSUESEmerging from the above would be several effects. They include ; Mental unwellness: The unwellness can originate from substance maltreatment that may be irriversable. This is why it calls for rehabilitation. The street households will besides impart to petty offenses in the streets where they dwell. They to a really big extent involve in this as a manner of gaining their life. They besides dirtily the streets. Political instability lead: to internally displaced persons. It besides mains and wounds others. They besides lend to belongings devastation. Accidents that lead to decease besides end up traumatising others. They may besides do lefty measures of medical related. Natural catastrophes besides cause devastations, supplanting of people. They may besides take to diseases such as the H2O – borne diseases as cholera Drug maltreatment besides may take to socially dysfunctional societies. Wayward kids, pervert and kids w Ho are morally decayed. A coevals of hopelessness and desperation. Sexual related instances besides cause injury to the colza victims. They feel affected in the actions and the cicatrix is about lasting.REMEDIES TO THE ISSUESThe above mentioned issues necessitate to be tackled so as to control them in society. The following are the proposed redresss for issues ; In the instance of political instability there is demand for transmutation aims including ego sufficiency in nutrient production, poorness decrease, and sustainable growing in all sectors. It besides requires authorising of people through the basic entree to basic production particularly the land, capital, and creative activity of employment chances for the young person. There should be a form of wealth distribution to all topographic points. Guidance and guidance besides should be at the Centre for the above. The instances that are already at the extreme and require that they need to be rehabilitated to convey them back to usually. Some catastrophes which are related by adult male such as the environmental debasement demand to be addressed and environmental preservation. This will keep cut down facets such as drouth so controling dearth. The rehabilitation centres to be established through out the state. This will assist reconstruct persons who have be en affected and are beyond counsel and reding degree. They need to be good equipped with the installations and forces who are good trained to assist the victims stabilize socially emotionally, physically and even spiritually. Capacity edifice is another facet to be enhanced. This will assist make consciousness in the society as whole on the ways of forestalling the issues such as substance maltreatment, sexual related 1s every bit good as the accommodation of persons to occupation loss, retirement, convulsion unwellness every bit good as promotion in age. It will besides affect esthesis of persons on how to cover with them merely in instance they arise. Capacity edifice will besides assist persons to cognize the nature of side effects when for case people abuse the substance or drugs. Legislation. The Torahs sing the wrongdoers need to be more rigorous in order to populate people from acquiring involved in such instances as the drug cyberspace mob where they sell them to the young persons in the metropoliss, small towns and larning establishments. It will besides assist to control junior-grade offenses in the society if good utilised. Authorization. All people should be empowered through wealth creative activity methodological analysiss. The young person should be initiated into authorization chances which will prosecute them in order to avoid their engagement of either in the junior-grade offenses or 500 carpet maltreatment. This will besides do them see ground in development instead than devastation. Environmental issues that end up doing instances such as drouth ensuing to famine ought to be addressed through environmental preservation. Peoples should be sharply be involved in the procedure of tree planting, waste direction in the instance of towns every bit good as the saving of the natural wood. Dearth can besides be utilized with good established presentation schemes. This will assist minimise the hungriness related issues The early heating system centres ought to be established in instances where people get involved in amusing or unusual inclinations of drug maltreatment, offense every bit good as political instability. Such centres besides prepare persons merely encase at that place occurs such as those of the natural catastrophes.

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Company law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

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